Cause and Effects of Media Violence - 779 Words

Every other day it seems there is another violent act occurring because of the media. Some people say it is entirely because of television. Others say it is because of the lack of responsibility of people. When the two young gunmen, Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold, killed 13 students and a teacher, and injured 21 before killing themselves in 1999, an ongoing, blazing debate about the medias influence was ignited. The 1999 Columbine High School massacre and extensive coverage of the issue by the media appeared to side with those who think that violence depicted graphically in movies and video games causes, contributes to, and influences violent behavior and even murder. Both Harris and Klebold played violent murder-simulation video games, and were fans of the controversial film Natural Born Killers. As the Social Learning Theory states, children learn their behavior from watching others. These others could be television, movies, video games, and even the internet. As the media show acts of violence, many of the young children and even adults feel that if it is okay be displayed on Television, or a video game why can it not be acted on in real life. As in my earlier paragraph, the media stated that the Columbine boys watch Natural Born Killers repeatedly and finally acted out of what they believed to be the norm in society, this alone shows the effects of what the media causes. As this cause is the most widely used to defend media violence, there are others that have aShow MoreRelatedMedia Violence Cause And Effect1883 Words   |  8 PagesMedia Violence Cause and Effect Violence is just one of many things that humans are exposed to throughout their lives. It is a natural part of the world we live in. Humankind has faced it in the forms of hunting, battle, and crime, but for the longest time violence was not commonplace in the home, depending on the people. That is, until the media came about. It is the drama and the action that gets the most attention and the media capitalizes on that. With the ever increasing presence of violentRead MoreThe Effects Of Media Violence On People1388 Words   |  6 PagesThe Effect of Media Violence on People Media violence impacts the physical aggression of human beings. It is one of the many potential factors that influence the risk for violence and aggression. Research has proven that aggression in children will cause the likelihood of aggression in their adulthood. Theories have evolved that the violence present in the media most likely teaches the viewer to be more violent. It is a risky behavior that is established from the childhood. Furthermore, media violenceRead MoreMedia Violence And Its Effects1057 Words   |  5 Pages Media violence exposure has been investigated as a risk factor for aggression behavior for years. The impact of exposure to violence in the media the long term development and short term development of aggressive behavior has been documented. Aggression is caused by several factors, of which media violence is one. Research investigating the effects of media violence in conjunction with other predictors of aggression such as; environmental factors and dysfunction within the family household,Read MoreMedia s Influence On The Youth Of America1454 Words   |  6 PagesMedia in the United States has a prominent role on the youth of America. A majority of children and young adults have access to internet, television, radio, newspapers, and video games practically any time they want. The violence in media, along with the availability of media are increasing, however the most predominant form of media for children is video games. Because of this, many are concerned with the effects on t he youth. The violence in video games is a cause for aggressive emotions, thoughtsRead Moreâ€Å"There is increasing evidence that early exposure to media violence is a contributing factor to the1000 Words   |  4 Pagesexposure to media violence is a contributing factor to the development of aggression† (Huesmann, Moise-Titus, Podolski, Eron, 2003). Huesmann and Kirwil (2007, p. 545), argue that an individual’s aggression and violent behaviour are not only caused by emotional, mental and physical circumstances but also the environment plays an equally vital role. They further on state that hastening violent behaviour in the short-term sense is due to disclosure to violence, which can be either through media, computerRead MoreMedia Violence and Its Effect on Children Essay1112 Words   |  5 Pagessociety that violence in the country is on the rise. It is easy to see why this is a strong argument among the American people, especially because of the rising populari ty of violent video games and television programs. However, as these violent video games and television shows are creating their own place in our society, the reports of violence among children are escalating. This correlation has been studied extensively in the scientific community in an attempt to discover whether media violence does negativelyRead MoreMass Media and Violence Essay891 Words   |  4 PagesMass Media and Violence Is it hard to believe that just forty years ago only a few privileged American families had televisions in their home? In recent years, it is estimated that a whopping ninety-eight percent of Americans have one or more television sets in their home. Motion pictures, televisions, video games, and the internet are just some forms of mass media that have emerged since the last century. With the rise of mass media, the increase of violent behavior has increased as well. MassRead MoreThe Effects Of Media Violence On Families809 Words   |  4 PagesJai Patel Mrs. Caldwell CP English 9 March 2017 How Media Violence is Affecting Families Often times parents overlook the fact of watching television as a subtle act without any true consequences. Children watch â€Å"TV†. However watching media over time takes a toll on the young mind. Many young children view television and other forms of media on a daily basis. With how society defines entertainment nowadays, there is bound to be negative and violent content on every child’s new smart â€Å"TV†. InRead MoreThe Effects Of Violence On Young Children981 Words   |  4 Pagesthroughout America spend countless hours on the media, such as watching television, playing video games, or listening to music. Most media in the world today contains immeasurable images of violence, and average total media use of children throughout the United States is nearly 8 hours per day (Bushman Anderson, 2001). This means that through this constant access to the media, young children are exposing themselves to countless images of graphic violence. This is a serious is sue, as young childrenRead MoreThe Criminal Justice System: Media Violence and Social Justice724 Words   |  3 Pagesadults who are exposed to the media are aggressive and violent. According to such articles, violent content provokes aggressive behavior and violence. Ferguson illustrates that watching satanic content, like in Harry Potter, or teaching of witchcraft can lead to Satanism or mental illness. According to Ferguson (2008), books, rock, jazz, television and watching movies in the media, leads to a wave of moral degradation, rebelliousness and violence. They also clam that new media like internet and video games

The Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccine Essay example

The Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccine The unforgettable story of vaccines is a story of triumph and controversy. The saddest part of the story is persistent ignorance and a lack of education, comingled with the personal need of some parents to explain away the problems of their children, have caused the controversy to arise. The good news is that the triumphant reality of vaccines as a whole is still the larger enduring legacy. The human papillomavirus vaccine is not an exception to this rule; in fact despite all the controversy surrounding the vaccine, it is one of medicine’s greatest lifesaving gifts to us. What is the human papillomavirus (HPV)? According to the US government’s National Cancer Institute, human papillomaviruses†¦show more content†¦In addition, the immune system of most women will usually suppress or eliminate HPVs. This is very important because only an ongoing persistent infection has the potential to lead to cervical cancer (HPV). Eleven thousand cases of this kind of cancer were confirmed in 2007 in the United States; the amount undiagnosed is still unclear but believed to be in the tens of thousands. But to give some perspective of the problem you need to understand its effects on a global level. On the world wide scale cervical cancer strikes nearly half a million women each year, claiming more than a quarter of a million lives. â€Å"High risk† HPV types 16 and 18 are implicated in Seventy percent of cervical cancers and are hence selected for vaccine targets (The HPV). The HPV vaccine reception has been similar to that of the hepatitis vaccine in that both are seen as an attack on morality, and are considered by some as a license for promiscuity. In the book Vaccine Allen quotes, ‘ â€Å" If a 10- or 12-year-old is given a vaccine to protect against a sexually transmitted disease, then it’s implied they’d be engaging in risky sexual behavior,† said Pia de Solenni, director of â€Å"life and women’s issues† for the Family Research Council’ (433). The fact that HPV lives in the sexual organs and is spread by sexual intercourse or intravenous drug use has caused many parents to come to the belief that their children are not at risk. Some parents go so far as to suggest that ifShow MoreRelatedHuman Papillomavirus ( Hpv ) Vaccine Essay1229 Words   |  5 PagesHuman Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccine My niece is 11 years old and my sister-in-law is being pressured from doctors, friends, and even the news media to give her a certain type of vaccination called HPV, Gardasil being the most common. At the end of our conversation, she mentions that at least she has a choice and turned to me, saying you may not have a choice when your kids are that age. I was stunned and she goes on to tell me how the government is trying very hard to make this particular vaccinationRead MoreThe Human Papillomavirus ( Hpv ) Vaccine2613 Words   |  11 Pagesprevented by simply getting vaccinated against the Human Papillomavirus (Shafer, Cates, Diehl, Hartmann, 2011). This virus is responsible for 99% of the cervical cancers (Smith, 2008). The Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is the most sexually transmitted disease in the world (Nath Thappa, 2009). Four main strains of HPV exists, 6,11,16 and 18 (Smith, 2008). HPV strains 16 and 18 are the causative factors for 70% of the cervical cancers (Smith, 2008). HPV strains 6 and 11 cause about 90% of genital wartsRead MoreHuman Papillomavirus ( Hpv ) Vaccine1429 Words   |  6 PagesExploratory Essay: Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine Prior to June of 2006, Human Pappilomarius (HPV) was almost unheard of to the general public. But after FDA approval of Gardasil manufactured by Merck Co., HPV vaccine became the headline of many articles and breaking news of many TV channels. Why? Let’s us explore it. According to World Health Organization (WHO), HPV worldwide is the most common sexual transmitted Disease (STD). There are more than 100 strains of HPV and in those 13 strainsRead MoreThe First Human Papillomavirus ( Hpv ) Vaccine971 Words   |  4 PagesMarilena Danelon 2015-07-21 Gardasil, the first human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, was approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in June 2006. Within a year, 41 states would make legislation relating to the HPV vaccine, and 24 states mandated the vaccine for 6th-grade girls. The â€Å"remarkable burst† of legislation led researchers to ask what role manufacturers played in school mandates, and what level of manufacturer involvement in vaccine policy was appropriate. In their paper â€Å"PharmaceuticalRead MoreThe Importance Of Human Papillomavirus ( Hpv Vaccine For School Aged Children2294 Words   |  10 Pages Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is a highly contagious sexually transmitted disease that is believed to be the precursor of several cancers, especially cervical cancer. Scientists have developed two vaccines believed to prevent several strains of the virus. Much controversy has surrounded the birth of these vaccines because law makers want to make the vaccine mandatory for school-aged children. The public is outraged and therefore the controversy regarding the use of the vaccine is growing. HoweverRead MoreThe Common Sexually Transmitted Infections1539 Words   |  7 PagesThe human papillomavirus is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections in the United States. The human papillomavirus dates back to the nineteen hundred. Scientists did not know why people who had sexually transmitted infections also had cancer. It was not until the nineteen-eighties, that scientist discovered that the human papilloma virus may cause cancer (Preventing Cervical Cancer).The human papillomavirus is known to cause genital warts and cancer in both men and women. In the yearRead MoreInformative Essay on Hpv1566 Words   |  7 PagesHuman Papillomavirus (HPV) Testing What is the Human Papillomavirus? Commonly known as HPV, it is an infection that spreads through sexual contact. There are over one hundred different types of HPV; several types cause genital warts, while other high risk strands can lead to cancer of the cervix, anus, vagina, and penis. Because HPV is often asymptomatic, many people are unaware of their infection status, and thus, their potential for transmitting the virus to a sexual partner. The significanceRead MoreThe Importance Of Penile Cancer1458 Words   |  6 Pagescurrently infected with a strand of Human Papillomavirus (HPV), and that 14 million Americans become infected annually (CDC HPV Questions and Answers, 2016). Human Papillomavirus can cause penile cancer in men, cancer of the vulva, vagina or cervix in females, and esophageal, oropharyngeal, and anal cancers in both men and women (CDC HPV Questions and Answers, 2016). Consequently, 27 million Americans annually are diagnosed with cancer from HPV (CD11.7C What Is H PV, 2016). The morbidity and mortalityRead MoreThe Human Papillomavirus And Its Effects On The United States1561 Words   |  7 PagesThe human papillomavirus remains one of the highest common sexually transmitted infections in the United States. The human papillomavirus dates back to the nineteen hundreds. Scientists during the nineteen hundreds did not comprehend on why people who had sexually transmitted infections also had cancer. It was not until the nineteen-eighties, that a scientist discovered that the human papilloma virus caused cancer (Preventing Cervical Cancer). Moreover the human papillomavirus causes genital wartsRead MoreTaking a Look at the Human Papillomavirus953 Words   |  4 Pagesthere has yet been a cure found for the disease. Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a pathogen that can cause cancer. HPV is one of the few cancer causing pathogens that has a vaccination that is already being administered to the general public. The administering of this vaccine would pre vent millions of people from becoming infected. Each year about 14 million men and women are infected with the human papillomavirus, though many could be prevented. HPV is a widely contractible virus that can yield cancerous

Data Mining and Visualization-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Questions: 1.Briefly Summarize why Data Mining is Used in Business. 2.Identify the Major Security, Privacy and Ethical Implications in Data Mining. Answers: Introduction In this new world of technology digitization and big data are showing their potential to revolutionize the lives of this new era. Data mining is changing the face of the business and helping in the new and more effective way of business style which will be better than traditional approaches. Data mining is the extraction of useful relationships and patterns from sources data like, databases, web and the texts. This report emphasis on the role of data mining in the business and its affect on the lives of people who are accessing internet or comes under data mining. Data Mining in Business In a wide range of industries many companies nowadays including, finance, retail, health care, aerospace, and manufacturing transportation are using data mining tools and techniques to take advantage of historical data about an individual or any information related to him or any organization. Data mining can be used in better decision taking in business by discovering patterns and relationships in the data. It can be used in developing smarter marketing campaigns, spotting sales trends, and accurately prediction about the loyalty of a customer (Gupta Aggarwal, 2012). Application of data mining can be listed as: firstly, Market Segmentation: Identifying common characteristics of the customers buying same product from same organization. Secondly, Customer Churn: Prediction about the employee who can leave the company and move to the competitor. Thirdly, Fraud Detection: detection of the fraudulent transactions. Direct Marketing: In order to obtain highest response rate of the customer on a product, it identifies which prospects should be included in the mailing list. Interactive Marketing: Prediction which website is more interested to access by the customers. Market Basket Analysis: Helps in understanding which products are commonly purchased together. Trend Analysis: Revealing the difference between the typical customer of current month and last month (Farooqi Raza, 2012). It also helps in generating new business opportunities by automated prediction of behaviors and trends and by automated discovery of previously unknown patterns. Article Name: A review on knowledge extraction for Business operations using data mining Link: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7943205/ Bharara, Sabitha and Bansal (2017) discussed the integration of Data Mining with principles of practices of Knowledge Management by presenting a table of research areas in Knowledge management by different authors. The research was made to explain how data mining can be used for Knowledge Management in Operations management. They stated that Data Mining as an area is almost contemporary to business. Various techniques like association, classification, clustering and text mining can be used to extract or deliver or support knowledge in key operational activities. This article emphases on the association of mining in business can be used for quality management and ethics related to operations. There are two cases proposed in this article on how classification technique of Data Mining can be used for the classification of Knowledge Operations which are: Firstly, New explicit Knowledge operations are classified on the components of operation which are related to an individually. Secondly , Existed explicit Knowledge Operations can be classified under an appropriate component of operations. Based on the article it can be concluded that in the prospective of business knowledge provides guidance and help an individual to formulate decision and apply them to work for better performance (Zorrilla Gracia-Saiz, 2013). Various models of applications and review of Data Mining on those applications are proposed in this article for their application in business. Other data mining techniques like Outlier Analysis, Time Series can also be applied in the business is also proposed in this article. Snowden revelations about surveillance of government over civilians have highlighted the growing level of fears of misuse of the big data as explained in the second article. 2.Security, Privacy and Ethics Major Security, Privacy and Ethical Implications in Data Mining Nowadays more personal information and data are being collected in the memory of computers in the form of Big Data which can be beneficial as well as abuse if it is used maliciously (Frank, Hall Pal, 2016). This can result in the threats to the privacy and security threats for an individual or any company. Based on the discussion in the article Big data security problems threaten consumersprivacy potential of problems may be very large as they may affect the security and privacy of a very large proportion. This may be explained based on the evidence provided in the article that about 145 million people were affected when there was the data breach at eBay in 2014 (Garrie Mann, 2014). This breach lead to the expose of residential addresses, birth dates, email address and other information which can be considered as a big concern in implementing data mining in business. Using banking transaction details and pharmaceutical records for data mining seems more intrusive for the privacy of an individual than tastes and lifestyle data. A set of guidelines (OCED 1980) is produced by the Organization of Economic Cooperation and development (OCED) in 1980 for the protection of personal data of an individual. Data mining potentially violates the principles of OECD which are firstly, reasons should be made clear about storing the personal data of an individual and secondly, the data cannot be used for any purpose other than stated. Discussed by Zeide (2015) in an article that it is generally de-contextualized and separated from the individual when personal data is being collected in order to improve privacy but misusing it more likely. It can be seen that it is very inappropriate in terms of human rights to trade in personal data and information of an individual as discussed in the article Big Data, Human Rights and the Ethics of Scientific Research. In the prospective of ethical threats there may be chances of making mistakes who are practicing data mining and which lead to consequences of losing personal information. Data mining can be classified correctly in some of the cases but these classifications could be on ethical sensitivity controversial attributes like race, sex, sexual orientation or religion (Provost Fawcett, 2013). It may be hard to identify the use of controversial classification attributes. Possible solutions according to the first article may be encryption, intrusion detection, backups, access control, corporate procedures and auditing which can protect data from getting breached by unauthorized individual or falling into wrong hands. Significance of Data Mining Implication in Business Major elements in data mining are firstly, extraction, transformation, and load transactional data onto the data warehouse system. Secondly, Storing and managing the data in a multidimensional database. Providing access to saved data for professionals of Information Technology and business analysts. Fourth, analyzing the data by application software and fifth, presenting the data in a useful format like graph or table. Functioning of data mining and the variety of knowledge discovered by data mining can be helpful in understanding the significance of data mining in business sector which are: First, Characterization: It can be defined as the production of characteristic rules which is produced by summarizing general features of the object in a target class. Second, Discrimination: It is simply comparison between the features of the objects of target class and constraint class. Third, Association analysis: Determination of frequency of the objects bought together in the transactional d atabases which are based on threshold called support which identifies the sets of frequent items. Fourth, Classification: Classification is an algorithm learned from the training set and builds a model based on this set which is used to classify new objects (Jacob Ramani, 2012). Prediction: A successful forecasting in the context of the business one can be unavailable values of data or pending trends or predict a class label for few data. Clustering: It is similar to classification up to some extent but it is organization of a data in classes, unlikely classification its classes are unknown and discover acceptable classes. Outlier analysis: Generally exceptions or surprises data which cannot be grouped in a cluster or in any class. Evaluation and deviation analysis: It pertains to study of time related data those changes in time which are evolutionary trends in data. Applications of data mining can also be helpful in understanding the significance of data mining in business sector which can be listed as: First, application of data mining in healthcare, second data mining tools can help in future direction of the health care system. Third, application of data mining is in many areas of manufacturing engineering. It is also applicable as an emerging trend in educational system which can be domain specific or generic. Conclusion Based on the above report it can be concluded that data mining is very useful in the aspect of business but it has certain consequences which are very necessary to be eliminated or minimized to extent level. Data mining will help in improving the way of business by an organization or company but it may affect the privacy, security and ethical values of an individual as explained in the above report. The above report discusses on the role of data mining in the business and their consequences and an article review is presented to support the reported information. Significance of data mining is also proposed in this report based on the two articles provided and supporting it with recent references. It can also be concluded that Data Mining methods, techniques and tools are useful in a variety of areas with different applications. References: Bharara, S., Sabitha, A. S., Bansal, A. (2017, January). A review on knowledge extraction for Business operations using data mining. InCloud Computing, Data Science Engineering-Confluence, 2017 7th International Conference on(pp. 512-518). IEEE. Farooqi, M., Raza, K. (2012). A Comprehensive Study of CRM through data mining Techniques.arXiv preprint arXiv:1205.1126. Garrie, D., Mann, M. (2014). Cyber-Security Insurance: Navigating the Landscape of a Growing Field.J. Marshall J. Computer Info. L.,31, 379-657. Gupta, G., Aggarwal, H. (2012). Improving customer relationship management using data mining.International Journal of Machine Learning and Computing,2(6), 874. Jacob, S. G., Ramani, R. G. (2012). Data mining in clinical data sets: a review.IJAIS-ISSN: 2249-0868 Foundation of Computer Science FCS, New York, USA,4(6). Provost, F., Fawcett, T. (2013).Data Science for Business: What you need to know about data mining and data-analytic thinking. " O'Reilly Media, Inc.". Ryoo, J. (2017).Big data security problems threaten consumers' privacy. [online] The Conversation. Available at: https://theconversation.com/big-data-security-problems-threaten-consumers-privacy-54798 [Accessed 6 Aug. 2017]. Tasioulas, J. (2017).Big Data, Human Rights and the Ethics of Scientific Research Opinion ABC Religion amp; Ethics (Australian Broadcasting Corporation). [online] Abc.net.au. Available at: https://www.abc.net.au/religion/articles/2016/11/30/4584324.htm [Accessed 6 Aug. 2017]. Witten, I. H., Frank, E., Hall, M. A., Pal, C. J. (2016).Data Mining: Practical machine learning tools and techniques. Morgan Kaufmann. Zeide, E. (2015). Student Privacy Principles for the Age of Big Data: Moving Beyond FERPA and FIPPs.Drexel L. Rev.,8, 339. Zorrilla, M., Garca-Saiz, D. (2013). A service oriented architecture to provide data mining services for non-expert data miners.Decision Support Systems,55(1), 399-411.

Transformational Leadership

Introduction In any organization, the focus is based on yielding high profits. The key to this lies in the leader who in turn inspires the staff. Leadership in an organization is usually classified in different categories based on the style the leader uses.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Transformational Leadership specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Different leadership styles are used to attain desired goals, but Bass (2006) pointed out in his work that the secret to an organization that is effective in achieving its goals lies in the use of transformational leadership. A leader usually uses power and influence to exercise authority. In transformational leadership however, the idea is to emphasize on influence to manage the teams and bring them aboard in understanding the vision the leader has. Transformational leadership therefore can be defined as implementing new ideas by way of adopting a more flexible and un iversal method of influencing and continually ameliorating those around them. This type of leadership calls for the leader and the staff to work on improving one another’s motivation levels. Motivational leaders bravely work towards making the staff realize the need for higher ideas and the vision they have for the future of the organization. Transformational leaders naturally role model the followers and pass their enthusiasm by clearly letting them visualize what his ideas are, what he is doing and by outlining his genuine personal beliefs he shows the followers that he has these values. Transformational leaders are able to achieve these results by possessing certain qualities and characteristics. Transformational leaders understand their abilities and confidently stand firm on their beliefs. The confidence in their abilities keeps them motivated and helps them to emotionally connect to the organization. They have high levels of self-determination which helps them attain a sense of direction for the organization and in turn influence the followers and together they propel the organization in the right course. They possess self drive which helps them to visualize themselves as achievers who do not have to rely on luck to achieve good results. It is this understanding of self that help them to transform those around them (Chammas, 2010). Another characteristic of effective transformational leaders is seen in their ability to understand those around them and particularly those under them. Transformational leaders carefully understand and purposefully influence and motivate the staff to understand the goals and together they working the direction of attaining that goal since he assists them to realize its intended worth.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This requires the transformational leader to have the right communication skills to be able to r elay the vision they have to a point of winning the willingness of the followers such that they too are excited and have the drive to achieve the desired change. A transformational leader fully understands what they hope to achieve and the process carefully relaying the intent to the followers requires idealized influence which ensures the followers are not resistance to the idea. To do so the leader must also be willing to actively involve them in chatting the way forward towards attaining the goal. After they are all in agreement of the right course of action to take, the transformational leader again provides inspirational motivation to keep them going and excite their minds to have the urge to achieve the task. After the transformational leader purposefully develops the ideas and effectively influences the staff to yearn to do attain the goal, it only marks the beginning of the process. The work of the transformational leader now is to keep the staff focused on the vision contin ually, help them stick to the agreed on course of action to attain the vision and continually be actively involved in influencing more and more colleagues to support the vision. The importance here is to make sure that the staff clearly understood the vision the leader has for the organization’s future and make sure that they will support the course and keep abreast with the importance of the task even in years to come. The staff should not just be involve din doing their assigned job but engage in the job because they realize the importance of the outcome of the job. The last characteristic of transformation leadership is a combination of three qualities which require that the transformational leader think outside the box. According to Chammas (2010), a transformational leader is not afraid to evaluate the organizations tradition and make changes to them without interfering with the organizations core business. This requires that they come up with innovative and creative way s that work inline with the vision they have for the organization. In their pursuit for change they are seen as ignoring the present and yearning for a better future. A factor that works with this is their willingness to embrace innovations and ideas. The transformational leader encourages the others to come up with new methodologies and innovations that are in line with attaining the vision. This they do so as to keep abreast with the changing times and to demonstrate that they understand that new challenges in the future need new solutions.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Transformational Leadership specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More They therefore encourage suggestions and accordingly offer appraisals for the best ideas. The third point on the same is that the transformational leader takes up their role as the advisor and the guide of the team. Their role here is to assist the whole team through the operations. This requires that they understand that each individual have their own personal strengths and weaknesses in given areas. The leader also takes into consideration the individual’s level and will to adjust to the new ideas. By understanding the readiness levels the leader is able to establish the right timing for implementing the new ideas so that the resistance is kept at minimal. The ability to forge ahead and achieve anew transformed organization depends on the transformational leader’s influential levels on the staff and to develop them in the areas needed to achieve a new organization. Transformational leadership has proven effective by far compared to other leadership styles. This is due to its influential nature that seeks to have both the leader and the follower develop each other and together they work towards attaining a vision and in turn a new organization. The benefits of adopting transformation leadership are clearly felt in the outcomes. Transformation le adership increases the influence at the topmost leadership level. This according to Cox (2010) is because transformational leaders act as role models to other employees in the organization hence are obeyed and their method of dealing with people is respected. The result is an organization where there is solid unity between the leader and the employees which give rise to an atmosphere of mutual trust and communication is effective. This means that the executive is given a hearing by other staff and therefore implementation of ideas is fast and the environment at the work place is not tense or hierarchical. This is because more emphasis is laid on developing each other as opposed to arguing on bureaucracy. The leader concentrates on guiding the staff through the vision as opposed to spending most of the time trying to unite opposing groups in an organization. Results are achieved very fast once all the staff are on board and are working passionately. Another benefit of transformationa l leadership is seen in the way the leader oozes with charisma and the excitement they have performing their duty. The rest of the staff is able to read clearly what the leader’s aspirations are and consequently they follow in trying to achieve the vision too. The energy possessed by transformational leaders is said to be a major contributor of the other staffs willingness to join in because they are inspired by their leader’s genuine vision of taking the organization to a whole new level. A successful and effective organization is able to be realized through two important aspects; a leader who has a clearly defined vision for the organization, and staff who have the will to assist and work together towards realization of that goal. Transformational leaders are enthusiastic about the vision they have and through their ability to bring other staff on board, realizing the vision becomes very easy and hence a successful and effective organization (Cox, 2010).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More A major benefit of transformational leadership is the way they are able to guide the employees bit by bit in achieving a change in the organization. This they do by gradually explaining and influencing the employees and therefore take them through the step-by-step process of attaining the desired change. They are able to visualize the changes the organization should hope to achieve e.g. introduction of a new product, new methods of operating, new technology adjustments etc. they then embark on a mission to carefully engage the employees in trying to understand their feeling toward the desired change. According to Xenitelis (2010) this they do through employing tactical approaches in trying to reveal their thoughts on the same and to involve them directly in the process of defining the desired change. They then attempt to make that necessary adjustment so as to make the employees clearly get the picture as to why the change is important, and what it hopes to achieve. After the necess ary change is made to propel the vision, the transformational leader then guides the process and ensures that every one is on board. The leader keeps a constant check by evaluating the process as it continues and hence makes the necessary changes. This step-by-step engaging of the process proves very successful and is the most effective way of the organization realizing changes. It is also an effective way of avoiding resistance to change which is usually a major hindrance to progress in an organization. Its effectiveness is seen especially where the organization wishes to launch a new product or they desire to make complete change in their operating processes (Xenitelis, 2010). Employees in an organization led by a transformational leader always feel the challenge to keep their energies going because they are inspired by the leader. This fosters a feeling of taking ones duties and responsibilities personal and yearning to perform ones tasks to the best of their abilities. This sort of inspiration by the transformational leader encourages the employees to come up with new ways of doing things. Creativity and innovativeness amongst the employees is encouraged and this in turn brings out the full potential the individual has while still addressing the issue of self development. The benefits of such a working environment trickle down to the organization which has employees with self fulfillment and are giving their best and their creative input is enjoyed hence the organization’s effectiveness is realized (Stewart, 2006). Bass, one of the pioneers of transformational leadership pointed out that application of this style of leadership helps the employees push their abilities to levels they never thought they could reach. In addition to transformational leadership uniting and ensuring people are in agreement, Bass pointed out that it fosters a working culture where moral force flourishes and therefore the level of employee turnover is kept at minimum. Employ ees who understand that the organization they are working for encourages them to give their creativity and allows them to develop to levels they never thought they could achieve are likely to stick with the organization for long. The benefits of such a working culture are realized in the organizations success towards achieving its vision since the costs associated with employee turn over and employee retention are cut as well as the benefits of developed and satisfied employees (Bass, 2006). Transformational leadership brings forth a culture and climate in an organization whereby, success is bound to prosper. When a transformational leader takes into consideration the abilities and needs of each employee individually and shares their genuine vision in a clear and elaborate manner, it brings forth a culture of honesty and receptiveness. The employees feel that their input is respected and credit awarded for their ideas. This in turn gives rise to a working environment where there is job satisfaction and consequently due to absence of commotions the environment is stress free. The employees are always in high spirits and their motivation to work hard is on top hence they express freely their abilities to improve on certain areas and the areas where they are strong in is emphasized on. Organization’s success is bound to be realized in such a working culture which is stress-free, high motivation levels, job satisfaction is high and personal abilities are given a consideration. Transformational leadership is beneficial in that it can help an organization cut on the costs. Through the transformational leader’s ability to connect with the employees and giving them a chance to understand the task at hand including allowing their ideas and creativity, job satisfaction is achieved which means employees do not feel the need to leave the organization hence the reduced employee turn over. This in a major way saves the organization high costs that are associat ed with loosing employees and having to employ new ones. In a transformational leadership organization, the employees are given a chance to concentrate on areas they are strong hence the unnecessary costs of having to train the employees on areas they are unfamiliar with are reduced. This also goes for the fact that the employees are given a chance to develop and as they work harmoniously they teach each other through sharing of ideas and hence in-training of employees is unnecessary in most cases (Stewart, 2006). In conclusion, effectiveness in an organization highly depends on the leader’s ability to have a vision, ability to build consensus with the employees and adjusting his leadership style such that it fits the vision and is able to guide the whole team towards the desired direction. Transformational leadership takes all this into consideration by having the leader clearly understand the direction he wants to propel the organization, influencing the employees and makin g them understand how important the change is then together they engage in the process. Transformational leadership combines the right employees and the right motives and inspires creativity and motivation in achieving a smooth flow of processes which in the long run ensure an effective organization which delivers in its results and is consistent in achieving the desired changes. Reference List Bass, M. and Riggio, E. (2006) Transformational Leadership. New York, Routledge. Chammas, A. (2010) Leadership Characteristics for Organizational Transformation Success, Transformational Leadership, vol. 12, no. 6, pp. 16-27. Cox, R. (2010) The Benefits of Transformational Leadership. 2010. Web. Stewart, J. (2006) Transformational Leadership: An Evolving Concept Examined through the Works of Burns, Bass, Avolio, and Leithwood, Canadian Journal of Educational Administration and Policy. vol. 27, no. 56, pp. 1-19. Xenitelis, M. (2010) Transformational Leadership, Management. vol. 43, no. 12, pp. 11 17. This essay on Transformational Leadership was written and submitted by user Kolten Hammond to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Communism Versus Democracy essays

Communism Versus Democracy essays Every country needs to have a stable and effective government in order to form a prosperous and peaceful society. Due to the fact that each country has different culture and ways of living, peoples opinion on political system may vary: some people find one type of government system suitable for the society they belong to while others may prefer a different type because it gives them better living standard in one way or the other. Long ago, humans started to choose leaders for the protection and development of their regions. This system has still been preserved till the present day that people choose a representative or a leader in the hope that they would lead their hometown into better directions. The two major types of political systems this paper will cover are Democracy and Communism. Despite their differences, both systems seek ways to help improve and reform a society. To fully understand the aspects and principles of both systems, it would be wise to acknowledge the ad vantages and disadvantages of each system so that we can comprehend why one system become so popular while the other collapse. Communism. According to the Websters dictionary, communism is fundamentally a system of social organization in which property (especially real property and the means of production) is held in common. In other words, communism attempt to establish a non class society where people live with the jobs provided by the government. It is the ideology based on equality. Communism hasnt just recently been invented, but its idea of having no institutions of private property has first begun in the ancient Greek era. However in modern usage, communism sometimes refer to the movement that aim to overthrow the capitalist order by revolutionary or mass protest. There are lots of people who criticize the ideas and operations of communism, but the problem is that these people are too narrow minded that they overlook the b...

3 Additional Services Law Essay Writers Can Provide You with

3 Additional Services Law Essay Writers Can Provide You with 3 Additional Services Law Essay Writers Can Provide You with When you are trying to solve a problem, you need the best assistance possible. You want to find an experienced person to help you, having some background knowledge in the field you need the help with. This concerns almost any situation in your life. Of course, due to the Murphys Law, if you have some friends, who are law essay writers, you never have to deal with a paper on this subject. But wait, do not fall apart. These experts are not just good at writing; they are also masters at a wide variety of legal topics and can offer crucial insights into almost any issue concerning the law. There are three key services that these experts can provide you with. 1.  Ã‚   Academic Insights It is impossible to succeed in writing if you do not have the right tools. Fortunately, legal essay writers do not study just law, they also deal with other subjects, so can help you acquire the knowledge you need. They can also have some academic experience in writing different papers, thus, can lead you to the best books, articles, and other resources on the particular subject that you have to cope with. Therefore, you do not have to spend much time, searching for the material to use in your piece, and your studying becomes a lot easier. 2. Professional Experience Most law students spend much time interning or working to gain some experience. While this is a great learning opportunity, it can be overwhelming. There is a huge difference between studying law in the classroom and implementing the knowledge that you have learnt on practice. If you make a decision to become a lawyer, you will have the person who is going to share his/her experience with you as well as provide you with some advice on how to gain the best practice in the particular sphere. This gives you a huge advantage over your classmates. As you are already armed for the most difficult issues that you can face, while your group mates live in the ignorance. 3. Full-Time Guidance and Support You never know what kind of issues you are going to face during the life. As the adult life is full of tricky situations, when you need some law consultation, having such friends will be really handy. You can refer to them for help in order to know how to act in the particular situation to be legally correct. Asking your friends, who are aware of this item is the best way to get any kind of confusion. Nothing can be more useful in your life than the friendship with law essay writers, as there are so many benefits that you can gain in addition to the educational assistance. Moreover, you do not pay money for the assistance that is also a great advantage.

Science and Grammar Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Science and Grammar - Essay Example At the same time, science becomes meaningful when it is disseminated to a large group of people. Some people are likely to ignore these facts, but doing so is just refusing to accept the fact and reality. With this in mind, some students and people at large may question the importance of having to write scientific issues and concepts correctly with no grammatical or spelling mistakes. There is no particular and specific definition of science, as more definitions are likely to be created by different people in different academic fields. However, in most cases, science can be perceived to constitute intellectual and practical activity, which may involve the systematic study of the structure and behavior of the physical and natural world through observation and experiment (Ray 2). Science from this simple definition can be seen to be important and critical to the lives of people and in the generation and dissemination of knowledge. Students may think that, as long as the main idea in the scientific knowledge has been advanced to the reader, there is no big reason to worry and have concern with regard to grammar and correct spelling. The students may think that these aspects are not important in scientific world. However, students have to know this is not the case or is not a position, and as a teacher, I can support. Just like the way grammar and spelling considerations are important in other fields, students should know that the same applies in scientific world. Just imagine reading scientific piece of knowledge that is full of grammar mistakes and spelling. First, as a reader of such article, one is likely to consider the writer not serious with the work or even the writer to be careless. Moreover, the reader of such article is likely to be discouraged or even to become disinterested in reading such an article from the world go. As a result, the scientific

Any story about the contract applying the terminology of the contracts Essay

Any story about the contract applying the terminology of the contracts in the law - Essay Example Enrick wanted to buy a car. He found out that Mr. Edmund a mechanic who works with General live stores wanted to sell his car. On contacting him, Mr. Edmund agreed to sell his car and hence was the offeror while, Mr. Enrick became the offeree (Twomey and Jennings, 291). An offeror is the person intending to sell their goods. An offeree is the one intending to buy the car. Therefore, Mr.Edmund gave the offer to Mr. Enrick. An offer is the unequivocal manifestation by one of the parties about their intentions to enter into a contact with the other party. An offer may take various forms. It may be written, verbal or merely implied (Twomey and Jennings, 368, 369). A written offer is put into writing while a verbal offer is made when the two parties communicate their intentions through the word of mouth. The two parties to the contract were adults had the capacity to contract (Twomey and Jennings, 308). They had the capacity to contract because they had the legal rights to enter into a le gally binding agreement. During one evening, through a phone call, Mr. Enrick declared his interest to buy the car. The declaration to buy the car demonstrated his interest to get into the contract. However, the contract was a void contract. This is because the contract was not enforceable by law. ... Acceptance of a contract is the expression of complete or unconditional agreement to all the terms set out in the offer (Twomey and Jennings, 294). For the contract between Mr. Enrick and Mr. Edmund to be regarded legal and binding, it has to have express or implied terms. Express terms refer to the terms the parties adverted to during negotiation and agreed. In this case, written terms prevail over the unwritten terms of a contact. Implied terms are terms did not expressly incorporate into the contract, but were only implied. They can also be implied by the acts of parliament (Twomey and Jennings, 384). One evening Mr. Edmund invited Mr. Enrick to a dinner party in which they discussed the mode of payment that would be used to pay for the car, and other formalities that would be essential for the performance of the contract. Performance of contract occurs when the individuals within the contract ensure that they carry out their duties as stipulated in the contract (Twomey and Jennin gs, 411). The formalities that the two parties could have entered into must be in line with the law governing the country. It was agreed that the payment would be made through cash whereby a down payment would be made first, and the rest would be paid later when Mr. Enrick gets the car under his care and in good condition. Mr. Edmund promised to exercise due diligence to ensure that the car was in good order and was delivered at the appropriate time. Mr. Edmund was supposed to exercise due diligence since he has knowledge on the repair of vehicles and hence had a duty of ensuring that the car met all the needs of Mr. Enrick and was properly functioning. During negotiations, Mr. Enrick sought to know the details and any information regarding the offer. The request

Moral Living Synoptic Question Essay Example for Free

Moral Living Synoptic Question Essay In this essay it is my intention to examine the theme of moral living within the Old Testament and the Celtic Church. Morality refers to ethical issues. It is the quality of being in accord with standards of right or good conduct. It is a system of ideas of right and wrong conduct. There are two interlinked themes of religious morality and social morality under moral living. The foundation of moral living within the Old Testament is the Sinai Covenant. Whereas, the basis of morality in Celtic Church is Saint Patrick; his moral base was always routed in his scriptural beliefs. Moses, for example, made a covenant with Yahweh on Mount Sinai, the principles from which are the foundation for the Judah Christian faith today, where he received the Ethical Decalogue (10 Commandments). As Drane states, â€Å"the commands were essentially moral requirements. Honesty, truth and justice were more important to Yahweh than the performance of religious rites.† Love of God and Love of Neighbour were the two commandments at the core of the Ethical Decalogue. The first three commandments central religious morality however, the last seven focus on Love of Neighbour and Social Morality. Winward states, â€Å"no man could be in a right relationship with God who was not in a right relationship with his fellow men.† The people of Israel had an obligation as the chosen people to obey the Ethical Decalogue. Abraham was called by God to give up his polytheistic ways. God promised Abraham that he would never give up on him. As Heinsch states, â€Å"he had to journey to a foreign land alone trusting in God’s guidance.† If Abraham fulfilled this request God promised him three things, Great Nation, Land (which was Canaan) and Protection. At this time, Abraham worshipped the popular moon god, â€Å"sin† and was to break with idolatry and become monotheistic. Epstein stated that, â€Å"Abraham turned to the service of the one and only God whom he recognised as the creator of heaven and earth.† Abraham’s love of the one true God and his change from idolatry reflects similarities with Saint Patrick. Patrick arrived in Ireland to a pagan country. The people of Ireland were idolaters in that they worshipped as many as 400 gods, with the main god being the Dagda (the father). The Celts held such things as the sun, trees, groves, water and birds to be sacred. Joyce states that they had the tendency to â€Å"find the divine in all of created nature.† Patrick brought Christianity to Ireland to transform the pagan people to monotheism. He wanted them to worship and love the one true God. Patrick adopted pagan practice to Christian tradition, for example, he changed the worship of the â€Å"sun† to the â€Å"son.† Patrick wanted the people to become monks and virgins for Christ. He advocated that true worship of God required to be newly baptised (converted from paganism to Christianity.) Patrick wanted the people to convert freely; they were never forced as the decision to become a Christian had to come from the heart. When Patrick left a place he made sure he left a building (church) to be used for communal worship. Like the Old Testament prophets, Patrick expected his ordained to be good role models to the people. Unfortunately in the Old Testament the religious leaders did not always do this. Ezekiel, for example, was to inform the people that God was going to hold the religious leaders responsible as they had led the people astray instead of encouraging them to worship only Yahweh. God told Ezekiel to prophesy to the leaders, â€Å"shepherds have been feeding themselves, should not, you the shepherds feed the sheep.† In tandem with this, the prophet Elijah also had to deal with the people of Israel’s idolatry. He was aware that there was a lack of steadfast love due to the people worshipping both Yahweh and Baal (god of fertility.) Elijah challenged the people about this saying, â€Å"how long will you go limping with two different opinions?† The people needed to stop worshipping both Yahweh and Baal and were to only worship the one true God, Yahweh. Elijah had little sympathy for the people worshipping both Gods. He challenged King Ahab to a contest on Mount Carmel between Yahweh and Baal to determine who the true God is. Elijah had a great victory as Yahweh won, usually this would be celebrated but instead, Elijah went to Mount Horeb as he knew the people’s change of heart of Yahweh as the one true God was temporary and this was not good enough. True love of God was required. In line with this, Patrick also challenged the pagan people’s ways through their worship of Dagda and Lugh. It took a long time for the pagan people to convert to truly worshipping one God. Paganism continued to exist alongside early Christianity 100 years after Patrick. Amos spoke out about social injustices, he stated, â€Å"let justice roll down like waters, and righteousness like an ever-flowing stream.† Amos spoke about respect for marriage, something which King David lacked. He had an affair with Bathsheba and committed the sins of lust, adultery and murder. He was punished for this as Yahweh was to â€Å"raise up evil against you out of your own house.† David’s son died as a result of his sins. Similarly, Patrick also showed a respect for life. He spoke out about injustices such as slavery and condemnation of wealth in his letter to Coroticus. Patrick respected women and this was reflected in the Letter to Coroticus. In L19 Patrick expresses his concern for women. The women were taken as captives, to be distributed â€Å"as prizes.† Patrick makes it clear that the fate of Coroticus and his men is to be â€Å"lorded over† for all eternity by those whom they regarded to be â€Å"barbarian Irish.† In L4, Patrick also speaks up against murder and slavery – he grieves for those captured and killed and calls the perpetrators themselves â€Å"captives of Satan† the punishment met out to them will be â€Å"external life in hell.† To conclude, Christianity is now one of the leading world religions and therefore the mission of both the prophets and Patrick was successful. There will always be a call for people to repent and convert to Christianity with a return to a moral life.

Origins of the English Civil War Essay -- european history, british hi

The English Civil War of 1642-1651 can be considered as a feud between the King and the English Parliament. Long before the onset of the civil war, Parliament and king Charles I had distrusted each other. As a result, Parliament often refused to finance the king’s wars. Unable to gain enough support from Parliament, Charles I challenged local control of nobles and landowners, who composed of the majority of Parliament, by â€Å"levying new tariffs and duties, attempting to collect discontinued taxes, and subjecting English property owners to†¦forced loan and then imprisoning those who refused to pay†¦as well as quartering troops in private homes† (Craig et al. 560). Parliament attempted to control the king’s power when it presented to Charles the Petition of Right in 1628. This petition required that there would be no loans or taxation without the consent of Parliament, that Charles would not be able to imprison any free man without due cause, and that no troops would be quartered in private homes. Although Charles initially agreed to the petition, he dissolved Parliament in 1629 and did not recall it again until 1640. Parliament’s resentment of the king’s tyrannical actions combined with its resistance to control the king refused to grant Charles financial support for the war with Ireland in 1640. Charles retaliated and made inevitable a civil war when he dissolved Parliament once more and arrested five of its members (Taylor vii). The resulting tension between Charles and Parliament eventually erupted in a Civil War in 1642 and lasted until 1651. Many scholars have been associating the phenomenon of the English Civil War to a variety of causes and motives. Among Parliament’s support... .... Furthermore, Charles I had attempted to make himself the first despot by reducing Parliament to a nullity (Macaulay 64). It should be noted that during the time of Charles I, the king had no standing army, and that the king could not legally raise money without the consent of Parliament (Taylor 3, 4). However, because Charles had always been in favor of the notion of absolute monarchy (Taylor viii), he had dared to make extraparliamentary actions without the consent of Parliament. These included the trespass onto the constitutional rights of the English people, levying taxes without the consent of Parliament, imprisoning civilians and court nobles alike without due cause, and quartering troops in private homes during times of war (Macaulay 63-64). All these actions challenged local control of nobles and landowners (Craig et al. 560).

American shipbuilding World War II

World war II was a global military conflict fought in every one of the five continents and involving combatants from every continental region. Fought in two phases, the first phase involved Asia in 1937 and also known as Sino Japenese war. The second phase began in Eupore in 1939 with Germany voilating the treaties and by being aggressive, without any previous declaration invaded poland. The globe was divided into two military alliance: the allies and the Axis powers. Allies primarily were formed by the union of United Kingdom and France, whereas the Germany, Japan and Italy dominted axis powers.World War II involved over 100 million military personnel, making it the most widespread war in history, and placed the participants in a state of total war, erasing the distinction between civil and military resources. This resulted in the complete exhaustion of a nation's economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities for the purposes. Tension cretaed due to great depression that swept t he world in early 1930s sharpened national rivalries, increased fear and distrust and made masses susceptible to the promises of demagogues.Also the condition created by post world war I settlement, led to the this global military conflict of world war II. After world war I, defeated germany and ambitious Japan and Italy anxious to increase their power, eventually adopted forms of dictaorship. In Gemany the National socialist Adolf Hitler began a rearming campaign on a massive scale and in mid 1937 and following a marco Bridge incident Japan invaded China. Some tolerance was shown to these invasions as they were of anti communist nature but soon entering of Soviet to aid China marked the division of the global scenario.America in world war II Through the global turmoil for the power and series of conqest,United states chose to be a isolationist and passed neutrality act in August 1933, a dyanamic impulse to stay aloof from all Europeon politics . But in November 1939, the American n eutrality act was amended to allow cash and carry, to support Allies. United stated, to protect and aid china, implemented a series of embargos, including oil, iron, steel and mechanical parts, against Japan.The Tripartite pact between the Axis powers served as a warning to United States of the consequences resulting in war if it continued extending help to the allied power. But regardless of the pact, the United States continued to support Britain and China, further, by introducing the lend-lease policy and creating a security zone spanning roughly half of the Atlantic Ocean, where the United States navy protected British Convoys. Though attacks on America were rare by the Axis power, but ultimately, it was attack on pearl harbour in 1941 that drew United States into direct war .In later years of 1942 Japan repeatedly attacked America in wars of Aleutian Islands and fort Stevens attack. America- Japan relations Attack on china, led Japan into series of trouble when the move prompte d America embargo on oil exports to Japan, which in turn caused the Japanese to plan the takeover of oil supplies of Dutch east India. The attack on the Pearl Harbor was a surprise attack of Japan against the United States naval base on December 7; 1941, also called â€Å"a day of infamy† by President Roosevelt .The Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, dramatically heralded the new age of naval combat, divided into two phases, the first attack wave targets airfields and battleships. The second wave targets other ships and shipyard facilities. It was intended as a preventive action to remove US pacific fleet that was involved in protection of British Convoys and Dutch East India, and also to wage war against United States. Both the U. S. and Japan had long-standing contingency plans for war in the Pacific, continuously updated as tension between the two countries steadily increased during the 1930s.Though numerous sanctions were imposed on Japan as a result of steadily growing ten sion, and America under the export control act halted the shipments of machine tools, high octane gasoline to japan, but the oil export was continued to japan in early pre war years to resist undue provocation. Assets were to be frozen till Indochina was declared as neutral. The Japanese high command was certain, though mistakenly so that an attack on the United Kingdom’s colonies would bring the U. S. into the war. So a preventive strike appeared to be the only way to avoid US interference in the Pacific.. With the Pacific cleansed of American ships, Japan would have an unchallenged defensive perimeter, stretching from the North Pacific through mid-ocean to the South Pacific. The attack wrecked two US Navy battleships, destroyed several aircrafts, and US suffered huge personnel losses though the, Vital fuel storage, shipyard, maintenance, were not raided. The japanese suffered minimal losses in artiliary and personnels. While it accomplished the intended objective, the attac k was pointless. US Navy The new Navy 1890-1909 A crucial date in the reconstitution of U.S. naval shipyards is 1890 . From about 1850, American shipping and shipbuilding rose from a position of superiority to near international significance. Until the late 1880s the United States possessed no modern warships, and the technological gap widened, where European progress was rapid with the assembly of armor plate, guns, torpedoes, high-speed propulsion systems, and steel hulls. By 1890 American shipyards lagged far behind their European counterparts in techniques and in speed of construction. Progress started in year 1885 with the funding of â€Å"new navy†.Warships of the new American navy built between 1890 and 1909 were steel hulled, purpose-built for steam power, and substantially more complicated than their predecessors. In its first thirty years, armored ships dominated new American naval construction. Between 1910 and 1929 a much wider range of warships was built. Battles hips still dominated tonnage figures, and the pace for construction of new ships steadily increased. Both the number and the size of these ships amplified, in the competition to build better warfare compared to European powers, also called â€Å"dreadnoughts fever†.Shipbuilding in World War II World War II saw the U. S. Navy emerge as the world’s largest naval force, a commanding role that would be maintained for the next fifty years. Hallmarks of the two decades included an intensified effort of existing private shipbuilders, massive new construction at government navy yards, and the development of new private shipyards, in new locations, to produce large numbers of small- or medium-sized warships. At a time of near-total national commitment, almost 1. 5 million workers built American warships in dozens of locations.Destroyers were numerically were the most important warships built during the period. More than 550 full-sized destroyers were eventually launched, becaus e of the German submarine threat, these ships held a very high priority. Pacific produced majority of warships, and some of the mass produced warships were â€Å"escort aircraft carrier† at Todd- pacific, and at Kaiser Yards, Vancouver. Also, pacific were specialized war- damaged ships. Submarines were built at a number of yards, but majorly at two locations, Portsmouth Navy Yard, near Portsmouth, New Hampshire; and Electric Boat, at Groton, Connecticut.Another in land production included the fabrication of almost 1,051 large landing ships, most of them tank-landing ships out of which, more than 60 percent were constructed along inland waters by five major steel-fabricating firms. World War II encompassed a massive national effort for production of massive warships. Pacific fleet A Pacific Fleet was created in 1907 and was marked as the largest naval construction effort ever undertaken by any nation.. Building warships for the U. S navy was a major sector of the American defe nce industry over a hundred year period during which the growth of the US navy was substantial.It was also the chief activity of most large American shipyards and had a sizable influence on regional economy and identity. Until May of 1940, this unit was stationed on the west coast of the United States . During the summer of that year, as part of the U. S. response to japanese expansionism and prevent its intrusion into Phillipines, it was instructed to take an â€Å"advanced† position at Pearl Harbor,Hawaii. During the time of attack the pearl harbor strength consisted of, nine battleships, three aircrafts, eight light crusiers, 50 destroyers, 33 submarines and 100 patrol bombers.American battleships can be roughly divided into four groups, pre-dreadnoughts, dreadnoughts, standards and World War II ships Japanese Imperial Navy Japanese imperial navy was one of the most powerful and world third largest navies. Initially, it was built overseas in England but soon Japanese yards built ships on English designs. The advancement in the concept resulted in Ships that were at par or better than any ship afloat. Early years of the war were dominated by the Imperial navy, however in later years it succumbed to the pressure of huge opponent power.Its naval aviation corps, consisting of 10 aircraft carriers and 1500 topnotch aviators, was the most highly trained and proficient force of its kind. Victory of American Navy over Japanese Imperial Navy America had a period of economic depression prior to commencement of the War, though Japan was also â€Å"economically disadvantaged† in waging a war against allies but, its misplaced sense of superiority in economic and military areas, against the allies, led to its ultimate downfall.While, America in the midst of seemingly interminable economic crisis, still had almost seven times more coal production, five times more steel production, eighty times the automobile production compared to the production of Japan. Th ere is no doubt, however, of the abundance of American resources even though in the depth of depression, it had much more capability for war production compared to any other nation. Also US had nearly twice the population of Japan and hence, the manpower was never a setback.Around one million people had engaged in war production in America and furthermore, it was ever willing to utilize its women population in the war effort counting work of 6. 5 million women as a tremendous advantage, a concept not acknowledged till later years by the Axis powers. Also, America had some hidden advantages that didn't show up directly in production figures. First, the U. S. factories were, on average, more modern and automated than those in Europe or in Japan. A rapid boom to the industrialization and technological advantage worked significantly in favor of the US navy.Additionally, American managerial practice at that time was the best in the world. Together taken, the per capita productivity of th e American worker was the highest in the world. The average income of America was seventeen times more compared to that of Japan. By mid-1942, even before U. S. force of arms was being accepted as a most powerful force globally, American factories were nevertheless beginning to make a material effect in the war's progress. The U. S. churned out seemingly endless quantities of equipment and provision, which were then funneled to forces and provided an endless support.By 1944, most of the other powers in the war, though still producing furiously, noticed a decline in the economic front and also the production was steadily decreasing from destruction of industrial bases and constriction of resource pools. But the enormous productive apparatus of the U. S. economy was pouring out war munitions in overwhelming volume Especially in Japan, the oils supplies had cut down to a trickle owing to decisive battle of the US against the Japanese imperial navy. And unless Japan could ward off obvio us enemy retaliatory blows designed to capitalize on her greatest weakness, vulnerability to blockade,seizure of the southern areas would be just a hollow and ephemeral event, improving but little the basic weakness of Japan's economy. The American submarines had specially targeted the oil carriers of Japan, and its only source left was from the Dutch East Indies behind a screen of islands that ran from the Philippines through Formosa and the Ryukyus. . After that the Japanese economy, with the possible exception of oil, was based on the continent and upon Japan proper. Resources proved much less than the expansionist propaganda had previously anticipated. . Inadequate rail facilities made it difficult to bring resources to the coast.And from mid-1944, due to the attack on shipping, only a small percentage of the material that reached the coast could be transported to Japan proper further leading to commotion. Owing to its large resources backup and abundant manpower, America suffer ed none of these problems and as a consequence its economy grew at an annual rate of 15% throughout the war years. It is perhaps not surprising that in 1945, the U. S. accounted for over 50% of total global GNP. Battle of Midway. Midway is often cited as the ‘Turning Point in the Pacific', the ‘Battle that Doomed Japan,' and a string of other stirring epithets.And there's no question that it broke the offensive capability of the Japanese Navy and led to major crisis. The United States built more merchant shipping in the first four and a half months of 1943 than Japan put in the water in seven years and there was really no noticeable increase in Japanese merchant vessel building until 1943, by which time Japan was deeply involved in war with US and was not able to do much. Just as with their escort building programs, the Japanese were operating under a tragically flawed national strategy that dictated that the war with the United States would be a short one.Again, the Uni ted States had to devote a lot of the merchant shipping it built to replace the losses inflicted by the German U-Boats. But the battle of Leyte Gulf, the largest naval battle in history markedly changed the prevalent condition and favored US more than the axis powers. Underlying the Six naval forces, four Japanese and two American, were converging on, a titanic clash spread over three days and 100,000 square miles of sea, engaging 282 ships and 200,000 sailors. In the condition of loss of massive number of war ships and the inability to produce adequately, the Japanese war front was further deteriorated..Japan's own ability to produce basic materials was completely inadequate to support a war against a major in ¬dustrial power. In retrospect, it is difficult to comprehend how Japan's leadership managed to rationalize their way around the economic facts when they contemplated making war on the US. The war ended with Japanese Imperial Navy defeated in shortage of material and person nel resources, while the resources of US were just warming up and could continue for years to come. , Bibliography Keegan John; Who’s who in World War II; routledge; 2002World War II; Article; The Columbia Encyclopedia; sixth edition 2007 Rohtermund Dietman; Global impact of great depression 1929-1939; routledge; 1996 Heinrichs Waldo; threshold of war: Franklin Roosevelt and American entry into World War II; New York; Oxford university press; 1988 Cull John Nicholas; selling war: the British propaganda campaign against American â€Å"neutrality† in World War II; New York; Oxford University press; 1995 Kimball warren F; the most unsordid act: lend-lease, 1939-1941; Baltimore; Johns Hopkins press; 1969Gregory Urwin; the siege of Wake Island; University of Nebraska press; 1997 Gailey A Harry; The war in the pacific: from Pearl Harbor to Tokyo Bay; Presidio press; 1995 Sluimers Laszlo; Japanese military and Indonesian independence; Japanese Journal of Southeast Asian studi es; Vol 27; 1996 Walters. D. William; American naval shipbuilding 1890-1989; Journal article; the geographical review; Vol 90; 200 Hector C. Bywater; sea power in the pacific: a study of America-Japanese naval problem; Houghton muffin company; 1921Lindberg Michael; Anglo-American shipbuilding in World War II: A geographical perspective; 2004; Daniel Todd Praeger Padfield peter; the great naval race: The Anglo-German naval rivalry 1900-1914; Birlinn; 2005 George Q Flynn; the mess in Washington: manpower mobilization in World War II; greenwood press; 1979 Kennedy M David; Victory at sea; magazine article; Atlantic monthly; vol 283; March 1999 Barrett Judy, Smith C. David,; US women on the home front in world war II; Journal article; The historian; Vol 57,1994

TV show

Check, Please! Bay Area is a local TV program, which reviews local restaurants. During each episode, three guests introduce their favorite restaurants to the television audience. Each guest also has to review the other two restaurants that are being featured on the show. Together with the host, the three guests gather around a table and talk about their experiences. The host of the show, Leslie Sbrocco, who has blond hair and wore a brown suit, talked throughout the program with a warm smile on her lips. Her guests were two guys, mark and Modesto, and a lady, Rachel. Mark is around thirty and a youth worker. Maybe because of his job, he has a great sense of humor and was the most interesting person on the show. His skin is brown and his body is big, which made him look like a huge but nice potato. His favorite restaurant is New Kapadokia, a Turkish restaurant. Modesto looks older than Mark and lives in San Francisco. His favorite restaurant, Aperto, is also located in the city. Modesto looks affable and kind. He had black and gray hair and wore glasses. The last guest, Rachel, is an art director. She is also a blond and wore a blue sweater. Rachel dressed kind of elegantly and likes elegant restaurants. The restaurant she preferred, Massa’s, was predictably expensive and formal. The room where the four of them sat looked like a dining room. In the center of the room was a large table on which set four glasses of wine. On other words, the host and guests sat around the table as if they were old friends having dinner and chatting in a luxurious dining room. The first restaurant they talked about was New Kapadokia, which was highly recommended by Mark. Mark lived in Turkey as a teenager and has wonderful memories of Turkish food. He told Leslie Sbrocco and other two guests that the first time he dined at New Kapadokia it was love at first sight. The restaurant, whose name comes from a real region of Turkey, is located in Redwood City. It is a medium sized restaurant with French windows, white table cloths and comfortable wooden chairs. Turkish pictures decorate the bright-yellow walls and make the environment distinctly exotic. The dishes are genuine Turkish style cuisine, according to Mark. Executive Chef, Meral Guvenc, has several signature dishes, which include kebabs, stuffed eggplant and one particular appetizer hat looks like a spring roll. Mark described the situation when he had first tasted this appetizer. â€Å"While my wife talked,† he said, â€Å"I just pounded them into my mouth. † Everyone laughed. During the meal, a few cups of flavorful tea were used to enliven the meal. The Turkish tea is served in small Turkish glasses and presented on shiny brass trays. Finally, the other two guests gave restaurant a good review. Since the location is unpretentious, people can afford it and still have a wonderful dining experience. The second restaurant was Aperto, which has been at the same location in San Francisco for 60 years. Similar in size to New Kapadokia, it is medium sized with twenty tables and French windows along the sidewalk side of the restaurant. The tables and chairs are of wood. The restaurant was very simply decorated but still looks neat and pleasant. The cuisine is Italian, and all the food is prepared with local Bay Area ingredients. The signature dishes of Executive Chef, Laura Guagliano-Montiel, are taglioline pepati, roasted chicken and butternut squash ravioli. There are also special recommendations from the chef everyday. Modesto said, â€Å"They are always different, but the special are always really special. The restaurant served only wine and beer,, and Rachel said that she and her husband were disappointed with the meal. However, the guys still thought it was a nice place to hang out with friends or to have a casual meal with a family since the price is reasonable and the restaurant attracts open and friendly people. All in all, it is an affordable neighborhood restaurant. The last restaurant was Masa’s, the one recommended by Rachel and, of the three restaurants featured on this particular program, the most elegant. Like Aperto, Masa’s is also a San Francisco restaurant. It is also a medium sizes restaurant but with no windows. All the light comes from the red-covered lamps hanging from the ceiling, which according to Rachel, are Masa’s most excellent decorations. The light is soft, with huge dark-red reflections on the floor. This lighting gives the restaurant a fabulous and somewhat mysterious atmosphere. The dark colored walls are decorated with simple-style pictures, copper statues and light-colored curtains, which create a wonderful contrast to the rest of the room’s deep richness. The cuisine offered by Masa’s is very contemporary French. Every course is somewhat sparse but very delicious. A very extensive wine list provides to the adventure in dining. Dinner at Masa’s is a journey to elegance. Mark said that he was nervous throughout the dinner. The prices are quite high, but the service, the food, and the ambience are exceptional. There are even private dining rooms. Rachel called it a fabulous five-star dinging experience. Generally speaking, this restaurant is expensive but classic and wonderful. If a formal dinner is needed or, if people want to try the good service, Masa’s is a good choice. Of the three restaurants featured on this particular episode of Check Please, New Kapadokia seems to be the best choice. It showcases casual-style dining at affordable prices for both lunch and dinner. Aperto and Masa’s also look like excellent choices, especially for people who live in the city. The reviews left by the audience who had been to these restaurants gave New Kapadokia the most support, so it is probably a good idea to go there first if you want a new dining experience. Some of the people said that the airing of Check Please, the restaurant become overcrowded, maybe it’s a good idea to make your reservation well in advance.

Untitle essays

Untitle essays 1. I should not talk about myself if there were anybody whom I knew so well. (p.2, ln.1) 2. ... they are employed... laying up treasures which moth and rust will corrupt and thieves break through and steal. It is a fools life, as they will find when they get to the end of it, if not before. (p.3, ln.29) 3. The finest qualities of our nature, like the bloom on fruits, can be preserved only by the most delicate handling. Yet we do not treat ourselves nor one another thus tenderly. (p.4, ln.21) 4. What a man thinks of himself, that is which determines, or rather indicates his fate. (p.6, ln.5) 5. What everybody echoes of in silence passes by as true today may turn out to be falsehood tomorrow... (p.6, ln.29 6. But mans capacities have never been measured; nor are we to judge of what he can do by any precedents, so little has been tried. (p.8, ln.11) 7. Could a greater miracle take place than for us to look through each others eyes for an instant? (p.8, ln.25) 8. No man ever stood the lower in my estimation for having a patch in his clothes; yet I am sure that there is greater anxiety, commonly to have Learn from your own experiences. Know yourself. Dont care about wealth if your soul is wealthy then you have enough. Treat each other kindly and then youll begin to see the best of human kind. Be confident in yourself. Be able to love what you see in the mirror every morning. Then youll go places. Never take what people say as the truth. Make up your own mind about it. Dont say you cant because no one ever has. You could always be the first. Things change so drastically when you look at it from a different view. People dont see it enough. Society often place emphasis on things that shouldnt always be emphasized. Fashionable, or at least clean ...

Harveys brew - Emphasis

Harveys brew Harveys brew A Sussex-based brewery has upset fans of punctuation with its inconsistent use of apostrophes. Apostrophe Protection Society member Jonathan Cook has taken to Facebook to campaign for Harveys Brewery to sort out its style. While the brewery usually omits the apostrophe from its brand name, Cook was apparently incensed after seeing the apostrophe suddenly included on beer pumps for Harveys Best Bitter at a Hove pub. (One can only imagine the internal turmoil he suffered, torn between a desire for consistency and for accuracy.) According to the marketing boss at Harveys, Bill Inman, the name should be naked of punctuation, and the brewery takes no responsibility for errant apostrophes or vigilante pump-makers. There is no apostrophe in Harveys, he told The Argus. If one appears on a pump somewhere it is without official sanction and I want to see the evidence. In fact, the inconsistency is in evidence on Harveys own site, where the name on the Christmas ale label includes an apostrophe. Mind you, that might be a simple error that has something to do with the beer having an alcohol content of 8.1 per cent.

With reference to Bourdieus theory of distinction and other relevant Essay

With reference to Bourdieus theory of distinction and other relevant theorists on social class, give a detailed example of how a specific habitus shapes consumer behaviour - Essay Example Consumers who do not have economic capital are not likely to become ‘choosers’ in relation to consumer settings; their choice will depend on what they can pay for.2 Capital, similar to habitus, results in particular values and behaviour and has a tendency to prevent others in specific situations. Bourdieu argues that class position is not rooted loosely in the ownership or non-ownership of means of production (e.g. capital, labour) just like in Marxist materialistic explanations of class.3 He uses the ideas of Weber, which enables him to classify various classes and class segments in a hierarchical scheme instead of viewing class as two classes opposed to each other, even though he keeps the idea of class struggle.4 Bourdieu views class as shaped by the ownership of varying sums of different types of capital. Nevertheless, Bourdieu, contrary to Marx, who simply took into consideration economic capital, expands the notion of capital to other social domains, which he claims are themselves social outcomes which are mingled and which can be utilised to generate more capital.5 Of such, symbolic capital and cultural capital are the most important for this paper. This essay gives a detailed example of how class habitus shapes consumer behaviour, particularly food preferences and co nsumption patterns, using Bourdieu’s theory of distinction and other theories of social class. If Bourdieu identifies an obvious relationship between class and consumer behaviour, he also views his theory as different from an income model. Although he recognises that a great deal of consumer behaviour is related to income levels, Bourdieu argues that this connection is arbitrated by the nature of habitus. He says that â€Å"income tends to be credited with a causal efficacy which it in fact only exerts in association with the habitus it has produced†.6 The superiority of habitus over mere amount of cash in influencing consumer

Human Euthanasia is Unethical Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Human Euthanasia is Unethical - Essay Example All of them are for the protection of life. In the world of medicine, the World Medical Association (WMA, 2002) made its point well on euthanasia. The policy adopted by the 38th WMA Assembly, in Madrid, Spain, October 1987, states: "Euthanasia, that is the act of deliberately ending the life of a patient, even at the patient's own request or at the request of close relatives, is unethical. This does not prevent the physician from respecting the desire of a patient to allow the natural process of death to follow its course in the terminal phase of sickness." "Physicians-assisted suicide, like euthanasia, is unethical and must be condemned by the medical profession. Where the assistance of the physician is intentionally and deliberately directed at enabling an individual to end his or her own life, the physician acts unethically. However the right to decline medical treatment is a basic right of the patient and the physician does not act unethically even if respecting such a wish results in the death of the patient." As one of the most contentious issues of our time, "euthanasia" (herein clarified as human) is understood as "good death." According to Bamgbose (2004), there are many angles in looking at this issue as euthanasia has been deliberated in a many-sided debate from different groups. On one side are the medical practitioners ready to assist with their expertise; on another are the legal practitioners who interpret the law; on still another are those in the judicial arm of government who have to make authoritative decisions. There are yet the two groups where on one side are the terminally ill who look for assistance to die with dignity, and then on the other side are the family members much tormented with anguish. My position. The debate on euthanasia is on whether a person may decide to have his or her life terminated for his or her own benefit (Bamgbose, 2004). The burden appears to lie on the one who has a life to reckon with. Does a person own his own life such that he can decide how long he should live or notAs defined by euthanasia.com (http://www.euthanasia.com/index.html), euthanasia is the intentional killing by act or omission of a dependent human being for his or her alleged benefit. Accordingly, the key word here is "intentional" so that if death is not intended, it is not an act of euthanasia. Voluntary euthanasia therefore refers to when the person who is killed has requested to be killed. Accordingly, there is no euthanasia unless the death is intentionally caused by what was done or not done (Website: euthanasia.com). Zeroing in on this angle, this paper takes on the position that a person's decision to terminate his or her life is unethical. In other words, the WMA's belief that euthanasia is unethical is well taken. Euthanasia or good death or mercy killing may take on other meanings like suicide or physician-assisted suicide (PAS) depending on the circumstance. All of them, however, amount to euthanasia. For either argument for and against euthanasia, this paper will endeavor to counter or concur with the contentions accordingly The word euthanasia originated from an amalgam of two Greek words: eu

Finance and Accounting Briefing in Healthcare Essay

Finance and Accounting Briefing in Healthcare - Essay Example It is against this background that the institution wishes to steer clear of the raging political and social concerns amongst governors and senators (Holly, 2012). The ongoing jostling by governors to garner comparative advantages for given states nevertheless should be embraced because many Americans hold diverse political and economic inclinations in relation to federal spending. However, the strategy of the institutions of CMS and the statutory obligations must be observed and vindicated of all forms of bias and manipulation. It is incidental to the office of the director of the program to offer leadership and stewardship for the greatest good (Lorenz, 2013). The main obligation of the CMS is to secure effective cost management in the healthcare systems while also optimizing the outcomes per dollar budgetary allocation. In this regard, Affordable Care Act (ACA) is often deemed the harbinger of a legislative masterpiece. Medicaid matching grant is therefore meant to produce a greater impact on the healthcare systems than previously thought in terms of actual outcomes (Newhouse et al, 2013). Whereas the Federal Medical Assistance Percentages (FMAP) remains a useful policy instrument, the Directorate of the CMS must be cognizant of the fact that given states may deploy unscrupulous ways of influencing greater funding for their regions. In the foregoing debate in the Congress, for instance, many states perceived to be more worthy of greater funding have not really yielded optimal outcomes (United States Government Accountability Office GOA, 2011). Each administration has also produced varying results for the FMAP Floor change and thus politi cal influences are an unavoidable consideration. It should be noted that the proposed Medicaid intergovernmental grant structure will potentially have greater outcomes than the earlier versions of policy typologies.

The freedom to live Essay Example for Free

The freedom to live Essay The freedom to live Gandhi once said, An eye for an eye makes the whole world blind, very much truth can be found in this statement. Is it really moral to give the same punishment to someone that we are punishing them for? The death penalty is a very touchy subject to most for a good reason, in my eyes the death penalty is injustice. For reasons such as money, religion, the principal of knowing right from wrong as well as the wrongly accused, and the prolonging suffering of the victims’, families and loved ones. Promoting the death penalty as a punishment promotes that killing is an okay solution to a difficult problem, that’s not something I wish to teach our youth. It costs far more to execute a person than to keep him or her in prison for life without parole. Millions of dollars could be spent on violence-prevention efforts, solving unsolved cases, and increasing victim services. Executions cost two million dollars per person, keeping the criminal in prison for life cost around five hundred thousand dollars per person. As a tax paying American citizen I find it a waste of good tax payer’s money. The money saved could be spent on programs that actually improve the communities in which we live. This country has religious freedom, which is wonderful in more ways than one. Most religions such as Catholic, Presbyterian, Quaker, Amish, Buddhist, and Interfaith forbid the death penalty. Although isolated passages of religious scriptures have been quoted in supported of the death penalty, almost all religious groups in the United States regard executions as immoral. However the court doesn’t take religion into consideration, in turn, takes away a person religious freedom, which is something the country, stands proudly for. Inadequate legal representation plays a major role in determining ones sentence. Perhaps the most important factor in determining whether a defendant will receive the death penalty, is the quality of the representation he or she is provided. Almost all defendants who face capital charges cannot afford an attorney and rely on the state to appoint one for them. Many death row inmates were convicted and sentenced the death penalty while being defended by court appointed lawyers who are often the worst- paid, the most- inexperienced, and the least- skillful lawyers. Death row inmates today face a one-in-three chance of being executed without having the case properly investigated by a competent attorney and without having any claims of innocence or unfairness presented or heard; injustice at its finest. Protests have been going on in many states for the abolishment of the death penalty, families and loved ones of the murder victims included. They support alternatives to the death penalty for reasons such as the death penalty being a traumatizing experience dealing with the constant pain and remembrance for many years. Negative attention is directed on the crime and the accused, instead of where it belongs — on the family and loved ones of the murder victim and on the community. Life without parole provides certain punishment and suffering without the constant reopening of wounds; it punishes the criminal without putting him or her in the headlines, making it slightly easier for the families. Only eighteen states have abolished the death penalty, making the other thirty two will bring the good people of America better use of their money, their time, and effort. For those families and loved ones of the murder victims it will give them peace of mind, and hopefully make their rattled lives calmer. If we find it wrong to murder one another, then what makes it any different from the death penalty? We are not god; we do not decide who lives and who dies. However we do decide on what this country stands for, and what we as the people of the United States of America stand for. The freedom to live Gandhi once said, An eye for an eye makes the whole world blind, very much truth can be found in this statement. Is it really moral to give the same punishment to someone that we are punishing them for? The death penalty is a very touchy subject to most for a good reason, in my eyes the death penalty is injustice. For reasons such as money, religion, the principal of knowing right from wrong as well as the wrongly accused, and the prolonging suffering of the victims’, families and loved ones. Promoting the death penalty as a punishment promotes that killing is an okay solution to a difficult problem, that’s not something I wish to teach our youth. It costs far more to execute a person than to keep him or her in prison for life without parole. Millions of dollars could be spent on violence-prevention efforts, solving unsolved cases, and increasing victim services. Executions cost two million dollars per person, keeping the criminal in prison for life cost around five hundred thousand dollars per person. As a tax paying American citizen I find it a waste of good tax payer’s money. The money saved could be spent on programs that actually improve the communities in which we live. This country has religious freedom, which is wonderful in more ways than one. Most religions such as Catholic, Presbyterian, Quaker, Amish, Buddhist, and Interfaith forbid the death penalty. Although isolated passages of religious scriptures have been quoted in supported of the death penalty, almost all religious groups in the United States regard executions as immoral. However the court doesn’t take religion into consideration, in turn, takes away a person religious freedom, which is something the country, stands proudly for. Inadequate legal representation plays a major role in determining ones sentence. Perhaps the most important factor in determining whether a defendant will receive the death penalty, is the quality of the representation he or she is provided. Almost all defendants who face capital charges cannot afford an attorney and rely on the state to appoint one for them. Many death row inmates were convicted and sentenced the death penalty while being defended by court appointed lawyers who are often the worst- paid, the most- inexperienced, and the least- skillful lawyers. Death row inmates today face a one-in-three chance of being executed without having the case properly investigated by a competent attorney and without having any claims of innocence or unfairness presented or heard; injustice at its finest. Protests have been going on in many states for the abolishment of the death penalty, families and loved ones of the murder victims included. They support alternatives to the death penalty for reasons such as the death penalty being a traumatizing experience dealing with the constant pain and remembrance for many years. Negative attention is directed on the crime and the accused, instead of where it belongs — on the family and loved ones of the murder victim and on the community. Life without parole provides certain punishment and suffering without the constant reopening of wounds; it punishes the criminal without putting him or her in the headlines, making it slightly easier for the families. Only eighteen states have abolished the death penalty, making the other thirty two will bring the good people of America better use of their money, their time, and effort. For those families and loved ones of the murder victims it will give them peace of mind, and hopefully make their rattled lives calmer. If we find it wrong to murder one another, then what makes it any different from the death penalty? We are not god; we do not decide who lives and who dies. However we do decide on what this country stands for, and what we as the people of the United States of America stand for.